Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal is that bit of paradise that remained on earth on the North Eastern tip of India bordering Myanmar on the east, Bhutan on the west and China on the north and the states of Assam and Nagaland on the south. Part of the eastern Himalayan range, it covers an area of 83,743 sq. km. Its climate varies from sub-tropical in the south to alpine in the north. Evergreen forest covers more than sixty percent of Arunachal Pradesh with its numerous turbulent streams, roaring rivers, deep gorges, lofty mountains, snow-clad shining peaks, hundreds and thousands of species of flora and fauna. Its endless variations of scenic beauty are the first to greet sunrise in the country. The state is proud of having more than five hundred rare species of orchids.

 

Once described as the "Hidden Land" it has now opened its doors to outsiders. A sentinel of the country on the north east.

 

Among various states of NER of India, the geographical area of Arunachal Pradesh is highest at 83,743 sq. km. In the economy of Arunachal Pradesh, structural transformation is a recent phenomenon. At the time of independence, this state lagged behind the other parts of the country in terms of development indices. The economy of the state was a mono-economy characterized by traditional slash-and-burn method of agriculture and few small and cottage industries. But since independence, economic development along with government sponsored urbanisation has brought about significant changes in the structure of the economy.

 

 

POPULATION:

 

According to the 2001 census, total population of Arunachal Pradesh was 10.98 lakhs. Following tables show the characteristics of population of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Population of Arunachal Pradesh. ( in lakh)

 

1991	8.65
2001	10.98

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

Decadal growth rate. ( in %)

 

1981-1991	36.87
1991-2001	27.0

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

Population by sex as on 2001.

 

Male	579941
Female	518027
Total	1097968
Sex ratio (Females per ‘000 males)	893

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh 2006

 

 

STATE INCOME:

 

The NSDP of Arunachal Pradesh at current prices for the year 2004-05 was Rs.224612 lakh. Following table shows the growth of NSDP of Arunachal Pradesh at current prices.

 

Growth of NSDP at Current Prices.

 

Year	NSDP ( in Rs. crores)
1993-1994	812
1998-1999	1354
1999-2000	1457
2000-2001	1595
2001-2002	1729
2002-2003	1896
2003-2004	2160
2004-2005	2246

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

The NSDP of Arunachal Pradesh at constant (1993-94) prices for the year 2004-05 was Rs.117853 lakh. Following table shows the growth of NSDP of Arunachal Pradesh at constant prices(1993-94).

 

Growth of NSDP at 1993-94 (constant prices).

 

Year	NSDP ( in Rs. crores)
1993-1994	812
1996-1997	860
1997-1998	884
1998-1999	910
1999-2000	948
2000-2001	993
2001-2002	1036
2002-2003	1092
2003-2004	1162
2004-2005	1179

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

PER CAPITA INCOME:

 

Per capita income of Arunachal Pradesh at current prices was higher than the nation’s average by Rs. 1043 in 1993-94.

 

However, since 1996-97, the per capita income of the state has been lagging behind the national average. The per capita income at constant prices during the year 2004-05 was estimated at Rs.19566. Following table shows the growth of per capita income of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Per Capita Income at current prices ( in Rs.)

 

Year	Per Capita Income
1993-1994	8733
1998-1999	12955
1999-2000	13669
2000-2001	14699
2001-2002	15690
2002-2003	16946
2003-2004	19063
2004-2005	19566

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

The per capita income at constant prices during the year 2004-05 was estimated at Rs.10266. Following table shows the growth of per capita income of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Per Capita Income at 1993-94 [constant prices]. ( in Rs.)

 

Year	Per Capita Income
1993-1994	8733
1996-1997	8590
1997-1998	8634
1998-1999	8712
1999-2000	8890
2000-2001	9153
2001-2002	9399
2002-2003	9760
2003-2004	10253
2004-2005	10266

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

EDUCATION:

 

As per the census of 2001, the literacy rate of Arunachal Pradesh was 44.71% . Out of this 52.68% are male and 35.85% are female. Following tables show the status of education in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Recognized educational institutions in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31-03-2006.

 

Type of Institutions	No. of Govt. Institutions	No. of Private Institutions	Total
Universities	1	-	1
Arts & science college	7	3	10
Engineering/ Technical inst.	1	-	1
H.S. school	62	19	81
Secondary school	93	49	142
Middle school	463	65	528
Primary school	1263	117	1380
School for Handicapped	-	1	1
Total	1890	251	2144

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

Teacher-Student ratio during 2005-06.

 

Stage	Ratio
Primary	1:33
Middle	1:30
Secondary	1:26
Higher secondary	1:30
College	1:36
Universities	1:8

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

AGRICULTURE:

 

As in the other states of the Northeast, Arunachal Pradesh’s economy is mainly agrarian. Foodgrain production of Arunachal Pradesh was 2.05 lakh MT in 1999-2000 registering a growth of 13.25% over the previous year’s production. The foodgrain yield was 1126 kg/ha. In 1999-2000 compared to the same year. Following table shows the production of major agricultural crops.

 

Area and Production of Principal Crops. ( 2005-06)

 

Crops	Area (‘000 ha.)	Production (‘000 MT)
Foodgrains	190.8	232.6
Pulses	7.7	8.3
Oil seed	27.5	23.7

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

 

Production of Fish:

 

There is a great potential in Arunachal Pradesh in the Fishery sector also. But the problems of flood, under utilization of aquatic resources, unscientific method of production in the state.

 

Fish production in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Years	Production (in ‘000 tonnes)
2001-2002	2.6
2002-2003	2.6
2003-2004	2.65
2004-2005	2.70
2005-2006	2.73

Source: Report of the Task Force on Development Initiatives for the NER, Govt. of India, Planning Commission & Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

 

HORTICULTURE:

 

Horticulture is the another sector which has great potential. Following table shows the status of Horticulture in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Area and Production of Horticultural crops, 2004-05:

( Area in ha.; Production in MT)

Crops	Area	Production
Apple	8403	9474
Citrus	23360	27251
Banana	4914	14817
Pineapple	7913	36310
Kiwi	190	62
Walnut	3516	58
Others	5916	15262
Total fruits	54213	103234
Large cardamom	4142	572
Black Pepper	1612	133
Ginger	7618	36666
Total spices	13372	37371
Grand Total	67584	140605

Source: Annual Report 2004-05, Deptt. of Horticulture, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

 

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY:

 

It is another sector which has great potential in hilly region like Arunachal Pradesh. The productions of main livestock products are shown below.

 

 

Production of livestock products.

 

Products	UNIT	1993-94	1994-95	1995-96	1996-97	1997-98	1998-99	1999-00	2001-02	2005-06
Milk	‘000 tonnes	42.00	42.50	43.00	43.50	44.00	44.50	45.00	42.00	151.00
Egg	Million no.	32.00	32.50	33.00	33.50	34.00	34.50	35.00	35.00	---
Meat	‘000 tonnes	15.20	16.20	16.40	16.00	17.40	18.00	18.60	NA	---

Source: Basic Statistics of NER, 2006.

 

 

Livestock and Poultry (Census 2003)

 

Livestock	Number
Cattle	458173
Buffaloes	9502
Sheep	16529
Goat	231272
Horse & Ponies	6515
Yaks	7933
Pigs	329880
Mithun	184394
Dogs	106286
Other Live-stocks	5197
Total live stocks	1355614
Poultry	1290408

Source: Statistical Abstract of Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh 2006.

 

 

SERICULTURE:

 

Following table shows the production of raw silk as on 2005-06 in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Production of raw silk

 

Raw Silk	Production ( in kg.)
Mulberry silk	27.5
Eri	9000
Muga	184
Oak Tasar	27

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

 

INDUSTRY:

 

Industrially Arunachal Pradesh is a backward State. Not only Arunachal Pradesh, but the other States of NER except Assam and to some extent Meghalaya have failed to gear up industrial development in their States. Following tables shows the status of industrial sector of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

No. of Industries as on 31-03-2006.

 

Industries	2004-05	2005-06
Medium industries	17	15
Small scale industries	522	504
ITIs	3	3

Source: Directorate of Economics & Statistics, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

As on 31-03-06, there are 13 Industrial Estates in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Handloom, Handicrafts and Khadi and village Industries: The Handloom industry plays a vital role in providing employment to a huge no. of population as it is a labour intensive industry. The NER has the highest concentration of household units in the Handloom sector in the country and more than 50% of weavers belong to the NER states.

 

Handlooms in Arunachal Pradesh 1997-98.

 

Item	Amount
No. of domestic handlooms	44937
No. of commercial handlooms	653
Cloth produced (‘000 Mtr.)	279.6

Source: Draft report of the Task Force on Development Initiatives for NER., Sept. 2005.

 

Status of Handicrafts of Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Craft / Weaving Centre	88
No of Emporium	18
Trainee in Craft & Weaving Centres (in Nos.)	886
Handloom Development Centre and quality dyeing unit (in Nos.)	6
Value of Production of Cloth/Craft during the year (in Rs.)	16,77,827.00
No. of Show rooms cum sale centre	6
Annual sale proceed of emporium and show room cum sale counters. (Credit & cash during the year 2004-2005 (Rs. in Lakh)	33,62,053.00

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh 2006

 

 

No. of Artisans Employed . ( Male/Female) ( in lakh)

 

Male	Female	Total
0.87	0.70	1.57

Source: As per census of Handicrafts conducted by NCAER during 1995-96.

 

Production and Employment in Khadi and Village Industries.

 

Item	2001-02	2002-03	2003-04
Production (Rs. lakh)	217.13	317.88	468.54
Employment (in lakh)	0.01	0.01	0.015

Source: Draft report of the Task Force on Development Initiatives for the NER, Sept.’05.

 

 

POWER:

 

As per Power Ministry data, 2004, share of Arunachal Pradesh in Central sector stations was 117 MW and installed capacity in the State sector was 45.43 MW. The total installed capacity was 162.43 MW. The percentage of villages electrified was 60.46% as on March 31, 2005. The percentage of rural household having electricity was 44.53% as on March 31, 2004. Per capita consumption of electricity is 68.61 KWh in 2000-01.

 

Installed Capacity and Electricity Generated In Arunachal Pradesh

 

Year	Installed Capacity (M.W.)			Generated (M.W.)			Imported from outside the State (MU)
	Total	Hydel	Diesel	Total	Hydel	Diesel
1997-98	53.88	23.83	30.05	89.29	69.25	20.04	78.84
1998-99	55.50	30.73	24.78	66.89	54.35	12.54	77.43
1999-00	65.57	30.57	35.00	62.21	52.10	10.11	98.89
2000-01	58.95	31.83	27.12	62.00	52.00	10.00	100.01
2001-02	59.60	32.48	27.12	60.00	49.00	11.00	94.37
2002-03	59.40	32.28	27.12	62.52	52.04	10.48	104.02
2003-04	59.60	32.48	27.12	66.50	56.18	10.32	302.56
2004-05	60.12	33.00	27.12	49.47	39.33	10.14	636.30
2005-06	57.66	32.66	25.00	52.07	43.94	8.13	317.47

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006

 

 

Electrification in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

Item	Number
Total villages (2001 census)	3863
Village electrified (2006)	1867
No. of rural household (2001 census)	164501
Household having electricity (2004)	73250

Source : Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 1863, dated 09.03.2006.

Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006

 

 

 

BANKING:

 

As on March 31, 2006, the no. of scheduled commercial bank branches operating in the State of Arunachal Pradesh was 99. The credit deposit ratio was 30.80%.

 

No. of Commercial Bank Branches in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31-03-06.

 

Bank Branches	Number
Branches of SBI	42
Branches of other Banks	9
Branches of A.P. Rural Bank	18
Branches of A.P. Co-operative Apex Bank	30
Total Banks	99

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

HEALTH:

 

Following two tables show the status of health in Arunachal Pradesh.

 

No. of Rural Medical Institutions in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31-03-06.

 

Medical Institutions	Number
State Govt.	620
District Hospitals	3
Health sub-centre	451
Health unit	3
Community Health Centres	32
Primary Health Centres	91
Other Lep/ VD/ STD/ HP/ TB etc.	43

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.

 

 

No. of Urban Medical Institutions in Arunachal Pradesh as on 31-03-2006.

 

Medical Institutions	Number
General Hospitals	3
District Hospitals	10
Dispensaries	1
Community Health Centres	4
Primary Health Centres	1
Medical team	7

Source: Statistical Abstract of Arunachal Pradesh, 2006.